食物鏈是物種之間的食物組成關係。各種生物在能量和物質中所引起的作用，可以被分類為生產者、消費者和分解者三個類別。最底層是「生產者」，比如通過光合作用，用水和二氧化碳合成養分的綠色植物；再上層是各級「消費者」，要依賴生產者供應物質和能量，比如大魚吃小魚，小魚吃昆蟲或浮遊生物；當消費者死亡以後，「分解者」會以他們的屍體為食物。
All animals and plants are part of a food chain[食物鏈]. Owls need[需要] to eat meat. They eat squirrels to live. Squirrels need to eat plants. They eat nuts to live. No nuts, no squirrels. So owls need nuts to live too.
Meat eaters[食肉者] eat plant eaters[食素者]. And plant eaters eat plants. This is called the「food chain」. No plants, no plant eaters. No plant eaters, no meat eaters. They need each other to live.
Here's another example:
Fish eat little plants in the water to live. Bears eat fish to live. Plants, to fish, to bears. This is a food chain.
Can you think of any other food chains?
1. Land 地面
plants - deer – wolf
植物 - 鹿 - 狼
grain - rat – owl
穀物 – 老鼠 – 貓頭鷹
sun - berries – raccoon
太陽 – 漿果 – 浣熊
grass - antelope - lion – vulture
草 – 羚羊 – 獅子 – 禿鷲
2. Water 水中
plankton- fish - seal - killer whale
浮遊生物 – 魚類 –海豹 – 虎鯨
algae - mosquito larva - dragonfly - fish
海藻 – 蚊子幼蟲 – 蜻蜓 – 魚類
crayfish - fish – humans
小龍蝦 – 魚類 – 人類
insect - frogs – snakes
昆蟲 – 青蛙 – 蛇
plankton - shrimp – flamingo
浮遊生物 – 蝦 – 火烈鳥
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