香氣是茶葉品質的重要指標之一。茶葉脂類中由亞油酸(LA)和亞麻酸(ALA)形成的揮發性C6化合物是茶香氣的基本成分。以LA、ALA為代表的不飽和脂肪酸,在脂肪氧合酶-氫過氧化物裂解酶(LOX-HPL)途徑的氧化裂解下,形成具有青草氣的揮發性C6醛類,該物質在乙醇脫氫酶(ADH)作用下發生轉化,形成具有清香的脂肪族C6醇類和彌散果香的脂肪酯類,同時C6的及時轉化也可避免茶葉貯藏過程中「返青」現象的產生。本文基於GC-MS技術對烏龍茶加工過程中C6醛和醇的檢測,通過茶樹基因組資料庫篩選獲得了1條潛在的關鍵ADH基因。
Abstract
Aroma is an important index of tea quality. The volatile C6‐compounds formed from linoleic and linolenic acids in tea leaf lipids are essential components of tea. C6‐compounds are formed and transformed during the postharvest process of tea leaves. However, the metabolic flux of these C6‐compounds, the activities of related enzymes, and the transcription of related genes during the postharvest process of oolong tea remain unclear. In this study, the chemical profiles of C6‐aldehydes and C6‐alcohols, the pattern of ADH enzyme activity, and the level of CsADH gene expression during the postharvest process of oolong tea were investigated. We found that the turnover process had a positive effect on the accumulation of C6‐alcohols and simultaneously induced ADH activity, especially during the withering stage. The expression of CsADH peaked during the turnover stage. The relative expression level of CSA019598 typically increased during the postharvest process. Correlation analysis demonstrated that CSA019598 expression increased as ADH activity increased. This finding suggests that CSA019598 may play a prominent role in regulating ADH. These results advance our understanding of C6‐compound formation during the postharvest process of oolong tea. We aim to evaluate how green leaf volatiles affect the enzymatic formation and genetic transcription of aromatic compounds in oolong tea in future studies.