科學家利用人類組織篩選新技術發現大腦尺寸調控基因
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/10/30 14:49:52
奧地利科學院Jürgen A. Knoblich研究團隊利用人類組織篩選新技術鑑定出一個ER分泌調控因子參與大腦尺寸決定。相關論文於2020年10月29日在線發表在《科學》雜誌上。
研究人員報導了異質組織中細胞解析度的CRISPR-LIneage追蹤(CRISPR-LICHT),可在人腦類器官組織中進行並行功能喪失(LOF)研究。研究人員使用CRISPR-LICHT測試了173個小頭畸形候選基因,並揭示了25個參與已知和未知的小頭畸形相關途徑。
研究人員表徵了IER3IP1(Immediate Early Response 3 Interacting Protein 1)調節的未摺疊的蛋白應答(UPR)和細胞外基質(ECM)蛋白質分泌對於組織完整性至關重要,其失調會導致小頭畸形。這一人體組織篩選技術可鑑定涉及大腦大小控制的小頭畸形基因和機制。
研究人員介紹,LOF篩選提供了一種強大的方法來鑑別生物過程中的調節因子。人類基因的LOF篩選目前僅限於二維(2D)細胞培養,這阻礙了對需要組織背景的基因功能進行測試。
附:英文原文
Title: A human tissue screen identifies a regulator of ER secretion as a brain size determinant
Author: Christopher Esk, Dominik Lindenhofer, Simon Haendeler, Roelof A. Wester, Florian Pflug, Benoit Schroeder, Joshua A. Bagley, Ulrich Elling, Johannes Zuber, Arndt von Haeseler, Jürgen A. Knoblich
Issue&Volume: 2020/10/29
Abstract: Loss-of-function (LOF) screens provide a powerful approach to identify regulators in biological processes. Pioneered in laboratory animals, LOF screens of human genes are currently restricted to two-dimensional (2D) cell culture hindering testing of gene functions requiring tissue context. Here we present CRISPR-LIneage tracing at Cellular resolution in Heterogenous Tissue (CRISPR-LICHT), enabling parallel LOF studies in human cerebral organoid tissue. We used CRISPR-LICHT to test 173 microcephaly candidate genes revealing 25 to be involved in known and uncharacterized microcephaly-associated pathways. We characterized Immediate Early Response 3 Interacting Protein 1 (IER3IP1) regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein secretion crucial for tissue integrity, with dysregulation resulting in microcephaly. Our human tissue screening technology identifies microcephaly genes and mechanisms involved in brain size control.
DOI: 10.1126/science.abb5390
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/10/28/science.abb5390
Science:《科學》,創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會,最新IF:41.037