新技術揭示人類基因組複製時的姐妹染色單體構象
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/9/24 11:27:39
奧地利科學院Daniel W. Gerlich、Michael Mitter等研究人員合作揭示人類基因組複製時的姐妹染色單體構象。相關論文於2020年9月23日在線發表在《自然》雜誌上。
研究人員報導了姐妹染色單體敏感的Hi-C(scsHi-C)技術,它是基於用4-硫代胸腺嘧啶核苷和核苷轉化化學標記新生DNA。人類染色體的全基因組構象圖譜顯示,姐妹染色單體對在拓撲關聯域(TAD)的邊界上相互作用最頻繁。動態粘連蛋白池的連續加載將TAD內部的姐妹染色單體對分開,並且需要將姐妹染色單體接觸集中在TAD邊界處。研究人員確定了總體上高度配對的TAD亞群,其特徵是兼性異染色質和絕緣的拓撲結構域,這些結構域分別在單個姐妹染色單體內形成。姐妹染色單體拓撲的豐富模式以及這一scsHi-C技術將使人們有可能研究相同DNA分子之間的物理相互作用如何促進DNA修復、基因表達、染色體分離以及潛在的其他生物學過程。
據了解,基因組的三維組織支持有絲分裂過程中調控的基因表達、重組、DNA修復和染色體分離。染色體構象捕獲(Hi-C)技術揭示了脊椎動物細胞中內部染色體結構的複雜基因組格局,但姐妹染色單體的相同序列使其難以確定其拓撲結構在複製的染色體中相互作用。
附:英文原文
Title: Conformation of sister chromatids in the replicated human genome
Author: Michael Mitter, Catherina Gasser, Zsuzsanna Takacs, Christoph C. H. Langer, Wen Tang, Gregor Jessberger, Charlie T. Beales, Eva Neuner, Stefan L. Ameres, Jan-Michael Peters, Anton Goloborodko, Ronald Micura, Daniel W. Gerlich
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-23
Abstract: The three-dimensional organization of the genome supports regulated gene expression, recombination, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C)1,2 analysis has revealed a complex genomic landscape of internal chromosomal structures in vertebrate cells3,4,5,6,7, but the identical sequence of sister chromatids has made it difficult to determine how they topologically interact in replicated chromosomes. Here we describe sister-chromatid-sensitive Hi-C (scsHi-C), which is based on labelling of nascent DNA with 4-thio-thymidine and nucleoside conversion chemistry. Genome-wide conformation maps of human chromosomes reveal that sister-chromatid pairs interact most frequently at the boundaries of topologically associating domains (TADs). Continuous loading of a dynamic cohesin pool separates sister-chromatid pairs inside TADs and is required to focus sister-chromatid contacts at TAD boundaries. We identified a subset of TADs that are overall highly paired and are characterized by facultative heterochromatin and insulated topological domains that form separately within individual sister chromatids. The rich pattern of sister-chromatid topologies and our scsHi-C technology will make it possible to investigate how physical interactions between identical DNA molecules contribute to DNA repair, gene expression, chromosome segregation, and potentially other biological processes.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2744-4
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2744-4