持續阿片受體激動劑治療可降低阿片類藥物使用障礙患者的死亡風險
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/4/6 23:44:39
加拿大卑詩省愛滋病卓越中心Bohdan Nosyk團隊在研究中取得進展。他們研究了阿片受體激動劑治療與阿片類藥物過量突發公共衛生事件死亡風險的關係。這一研究成果於2020年發表在《英國醫學雜誌》上。
非法藥物供應中非法生產的芬太尼和其他合成阿片類藥物越來越流行,為了比較阿片類藥物使用障礙人群中使用或停止阿片受體激動劑治療(OAT)的死亡風險,研究組進行了一項基於人群的回顧性隊列研究。
研究組從加拿大卑詩省的5個衛生行政中心獲取個人數據,1996年1月1日至2018年9月30日,共有55347名阿片類藥物使用障礙者接受了OAT。
隨訪期間,共有7030人(12.7%)死亡。進行OAT的人群中全因標準化死亡率(4.6)顯著低於停止OAT的人群(9.7)。在芬太尼濫用時期,停止OAT的相對死亡風險是引入芬太尼之前進行OAT的2.1倍,在研究結束時風險增加至3.4。
總之,持續OAT可以大大降低阿片藥物使用障礙患者的死亡風險。隨著芬太尼和其他合成阿片類藥物在非法藥物供應中變得普遍,OAT對死亡率的保護作用增加,但OAT導致的死亡風險仍然很高。
附:英文原文
Title: Opioid agonist treatment and risk of mortality during opioid overdose public health emergency: population based retrospective cohort study
Author: Lindsay A Pearce, Jeong Eun Min, Micah Piske, Haoxuan Zhou, Fahmida Homayra, Amanda Slaunwhite, Mike Irvine, Gina McGowan, Bohdan Nosyk
Issue&Volume: 2020/03/31
Abstract: Abstract
Objective To compare the risk of mortality among people with opioid use disorder on and off opioid agonist treatment (OAT) in a setting with a high prevalence of illicitly manufactured fentanyl and other potent synthetic opioids in the illicit drug supply.
Design Population based retrospective cohort study.
Setting Individual level linkage of five health administrative datasets capturing drug dispensations, hospital admissions, physician billing records, ambulatory care reports, and deaths in British Columbia, Canada.
Participants 55347 people with opioid use disorder who received OAT between 1 January 1996 and 30 September 2018.
Main outcome measures All cause and cause specific crude mortality rates (per 1000 person years) to determine absolute risk of mortality and all cause age and sex standardised mortality ratios to determine relative risk of mortality compared with the general population. Mortality risk was calculated according to treatment status (on OAT, off OAT), time since starting and stopping treatment (1, 2, 3-4, 5-12, >12 weeks), and medication type (methadone, buprenorphine/naloxone). Adjusted risk ratios compared the relative risk of mortality on and off OAT over time as fentanyl became more prevalent in the illicit drug supply.
Results 7030 (12.7%) of 55347 OAT recipients died during follow-up. The all cause standardised mortality ratio was substantially lower on OAT (4.6, 95% confidence interval 4.4 to 4.8) than off OAT (9.7, 9.5 to 10.0). In a period of increasing prevalence of fentanyl, the relative risk of mortality off OAT was 2.1 (95% confidence interval 1.8 to 2.4) times higher than on OAT before the introduction of fentanyl, increasing to 3.4 (2.8 to 4.3) at the end of the study period (65% increase in relative risk).
Conclusions Retention on OAT is associated with substantial reductions in the risk of mortality for people with opioid use disorder. The protective effect of OAT on mortality increased as fentanyl and other synthetic opioids became common in the illicit drug supply, whereas the risk of mortality remained high off OAT. As fentanyl becomes more widespread globally, these findings highlight the importance of interventions that improve retention on opioid agonist treatment and prevent recipients from stopping treatment.
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m772
Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m772