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ACL Reconstruction (Arthrex RetroScrew)
前交叉韌帶重建（Arthrex RetroScrew）
Overview（概述）
This procedure replaces a damaged or torn anterior cruciate ligament, commonly called the ACL, with a tendon graft held in place by Arthrex RetroScrews. The surgeon uses a small camera called an arthroscope to visualize the inside of the knee during the procedure.
本手術通過用Arthrex 倒打螺釘固定肌腱移植物來替換損壞或撕裂的前十字韌帶（ACL）。術者在手術中用稱為關節鏡的微型攝像機觀察關節內部的情況。
Preparation（準備）
In preparation for the ACL reconstruction, the patient is anesthetized and positioned and the graft is prepared. The surgeon may harvest the tendon graft from the patient's own body at this time, or, prior to the procedure, the graft may have been harvested from a donor.
準備進行ACL重建時，對患者施以麻醉，擺妥體位，並準備移植物。此時，術者可以從患者身上中獲取肌腱移植物，或在手術之前，從供體獲取移植物。
Clearing the ACL（清理ACL）
To access the ACL, the surgeon creates a series of small incisions on the sides of the knee. The surgeon works through these incisions, using arthroscopic instruments to clear away the damaged ACL and clean the joint.
為顯露ACL，術者在膝關節兩側作一系列的小切口。術者通過這些切口進行手術，用關節鏡下的工具將受損的ACL清理幹潔，並作關節清理。
Inserting the Graft（插入移植物）
The surgeon drills a tunnel diagonally through the tibia and into the femur. The tendon graft is pushed up through this tunnel and into position, spanning the space between the tibia and femur.
術者通過脛骨斜對向鑽隧道到股骨。將肌腱移植物推過這個隧道到位，跨於脛骨和股骨之間。
Anchoring the Graft（錨定移植物）
The surgeon now anchors the graft within the knee with a series of RetroScrews. These screws, positioned at the ends of the tunnel, tightly grip the tendon graft and anchor it securely within the bone. The surgeon will test the graft by flexing and extending the knee through its full range of motion.
然後術者用一系列倒打螺釘將移植物固定在膝關節內。這些螺釘位於隧道的末端，緊緊地把持住肌腱移植物並牢牢地固定在骨內。術者通過在膝關節完全活動範圍內屈伸膝關節來測試移植物。
End of Procedure and Aftercare（手術結束及術後護理）
When the procedure is complete, the incisions are closed and bandaged and the knee is immobilized. After two or three weeks, the patient will begin performing limited exercises while wearing a knee brace, and will gradually progress to a physical therapy program designed to help the knee regain strength and range of motion.
手術完成時，關閉切口並包紮，膝關節固定制動。兩周或三周後，患者將開始進行有限的鍛鍊，同時佩戴膝關節支具，並逐步開展物理治療計劃，旨在幫助膝關節恢復力量和運動範圍。
（胡佰文 譯）
相關閱讀：
中英文字幕：使用膕繩肌腱重建前十字韌帶（ACL Reconstruction with Hamstring）
醫學動畫：前十字韌帶重建術（ACL Reconstruction）
骨科手術早知道148：前交叉韌帶撕裂與重建（ACL Tear & Reconstruction）
骨科手術早知道137：前交叉韌帶解剖重建術（Anatomic Footprint ACL Reconstruction）
英漢對照骨科患者指南038：膕繩肌腱重建ACL
骨科手術早知道034：前交叉韌帶重建術ACL RECONSTRUCTION (PATELLAR TENDON GRAFT )
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