還分不清「assume」和「presume」呢?看了你就記住了!

Presume is defined as to constitute reasonable evidence for assuming; to suppose that something be the case based on probability.

Presume：建立在合理證據上去猜測、假設；或根據事件發生的可能性去推測出某結果

After such a long day at work, I presume you are tired.

經過這麼長時間的工作，我猜想你一定累了。

Once we saw that the plane crashed, we presumed the pilot was dead.

我們一看到飛機墜毀，就會推測飛行員已經死了。

To presume something is to suppose based on probability or reasonable evidence. This doesn't mean a presumption can't be wrong, but it does mean that you have at least some faith in or reason for a presumption. 

presume是基於可能性或合理的證據而進行的，這並不意味著一個presumption（推測）一定是對的，它也有可能出錯。但是，你的這個推測肯定是有理有據的。

H.G. Fowler wrote that the object-clause that follows presume is what the speaker/writer really believes until he is proven incorrect. 

H.G.福勒寫道：presume後跟的從句的內容，是其作者深信不疑的，直到它被證明是錯的為止。

There is also a faint sense of presumptuousness to presume, in that it is something you presuppose or count upon. 

這個詞也隱約含有一種自我的感覺，因為它是完全由你去推測推斷假設。

A good way to think about this is in the case of a court system. In legal proceedings, you are innocent until proven guilty. In other words, you are presumed innocent until it is proven that you are guilty. The burden of proof is on he who declares, not on he who denies.

考慮這個問題的一個好方法是把它放在法律系統中去理解。在法律中，你在被證明有罪之前都是無辜的。換句話說，在證明你有罪之前，你是presume無罪的。而這個presume是建立在presume主體對證據掌握的情況，不由其他主體的認知所影響。

Assume is defined as to take for granted; suppose to be the case, without proof. 

假定：想當然；假設是這樣，並沒有證據。

I assume that is your natural hair color. 

我猜那是你天生的發色。

I assume you have a job.

我想你是有工作的。

To assume something is to suppose without proof. In this sense, the speakerwriter feels no certainty one way or the other that his supposition is true or false.

assume假定某事就是沒有證據的假定。從這個意義上說，說話者無法確定他的假設是對是錯。

Assume is widely used when making arguments. 

假設在進行論證時被廣泛使用。

Assuming what you say is true, why should I do that?

假設你說的是真的，我為什麼要那麼做？

I assumed three things to found my theory. 

我假設了三件事來建立我的理論。

I assume you also like pizza.

我想你也喜歡披薩吧。

In this sense, assume is taken for granted as the basis of an argument or action, but the speakerauthor still has no feeling of certainty towards their truth or falsehood.

從這個意義上說，假設被認為是建立在爭辯或行為中上的想當然，但其實說話者對他們的真偽仍然沒有把握。

With assume you have no proof for your supposition. You could say that you have Absolutely no evidence. Both absolutely and assume start with A s. With presume, you have some type of proof or probability supporting your supposition. Presume, proof, and probability all start with P s.

你是沒有辦法來證明你assume的東西是完全合理的，你可以說你完全（absolutely）沒有證據。Absolutely和assume都以a開頭。對於presume，你有某種類型的證據（proof）或可能性（probability）來支持你的假設。Presume、proof和probability都以p開頭。

最後再來總結一下

以p開頭的presume，

一般都是有proof（證據），

由發生的probability（可能性）而來的，

是主體確信的，

但也有可能事實上有錯誤，

在法律範圍內出現的一般是presume

以a開頭的assume

一般是毫無依據的假設，

有些事為了推翻某人觀點而假想的，

所以主體也並不一定對assume的內容確信