大道:Avenue
魯陽大道:Luyang Avenue
在法律翻譯實踐中,在翻譯證據材料的時候,會經常有一些國外的地址需要翻譯。
在美國,地址書寫的排序規則一般是:
門牌號+街道+公寓號碼+市+州+郵編+國家(規則:由小到大)
比如,850 Lincoln Centre Drive Foster City, CA 94404, USA
上面的例子中出現了Drive,縮寫Dr.,是美國地址中表示「道路」的單詞。
除Drive外,在美國表示「道路」的單詞還有:Drive(Dr.), Boulevard(Blvd.), Avenue(Ave.), Street(St.), Freeway(Fwy.), Road(Rd.)等,區別如下:
依照Collins詞典的解釋,"a drive is a wide piece of hard ground, or sometimes a private road, that leads from the road to a person's house"。依照Merriam Webster詞典的解釋,"a hard area or small road outside of a house where cars can be parked"。因此,Drive指的是」私人車道「,一般指連接私人住宅和街道/公路的那段路。例如,72 Queen's Drive:女王路72號。跟Boulevard意思相近的單詞是Avenue,兩者都是」大道「的意思。依照Merriam Webster詞典的解釋,Boulevard是指"a wide and usually important street that often has trees, grass, or flowers planted down its center or along its sides"。依照Collins詞典的解釋,Boulevard是指"a boulevard is a wide street in a city, usually with trees along each side"。因此,Boulevard一般是指城市裡的大道,是」林蔭大道」的意思,因為Boulevard來自法語,因此,相比Avenue顯得更雍容一些。」路的名字+Boulevard「翻譯為」***大道「。
依照Merriam Webster詞典的解釋,Avenue是指"a broad passageway bordered by trees"。
依照Collins詞典的解釋,Avenue是指"an avenue is a wide, straight road, especially one with trees on either side"。因此,Avenue跟Boulevard意思差不多,都是指城市裡的大道,是「林蔭大道」的意思,但Avenue一般是南北向,有綠化帶,較寬,多為商業區,繁華熱鬧。在中國,「大道」常翻譯為"Avenue"。此外,在中國,"Avenue"除了表示「大道」之外,還有」道「的意思。以下是國內主要城市道路交通標誌的英文翻譯對照表(取自:廣州市重點區域道路交通標識系統(完善)設計指引)依照Merriam Webster詞典的解釋,Street是指"a road in a city or town that has houses or other buildings on one or both sides"。依照Collins詞典的解釋,Street是指"a street is a road in a city, town, or village, usually with housesalong it"。因此,Street(St.)一般指「街道」、「城市裡的街道」,一般東西向,少或沒有綠化帶,較窄,多為住宅區。依照Collins詞典的解釋,Freeway是指"a freeway is a major road with several lanes that has been specially built for fast travel over long distances"。依照Merriam Webster詞典的解釋,Freeway是指"a wide highway that is built for fast travel",並且Freeway是"a highway without toll fees",是"toll-free road",是」免費公路「。因此,Freeway一般是指「高速公路」,」高速幹道「,基本等同於expressway,也可指市區快速路,但是因為Freeway是"toll-free road",是」免費公路「,因此,在中國,「高速公路」一般不用"Freeway」,而是統稱為expressway。依照Merriam Webster詞典的解釋,Road是指"a hard flat surface for vehicles, people, and animals to travel on"。依照Collins詞典的解釋,Road是指"a road is a long piece of hard ground which is built between two places so that people can drive or ride easily from one place to the other"。因此,Road是指「道路」,「街道」,可用於普通公路(國道、省道,縣道),也可指城市內的普通街道。以下是廣州道路交通標誌的英文翻譯對照表(取自:廣州市重點區域道路交通標識系統(完善)設計指引)