Surgery and ethology.Mixers, not misters 手術和行為學。攪拌器，不是噴霧器
When it comes to operate theatre, doctors act like animals.
進了手術室, 醫生就像動物一樣。
SURGEONS are people, and people are animals, and animals often fight. Which is why Fransde Waal, an expert on animal behaviour, has turned his attention to the operating theatre to see if the methods he honed studying chimpanzees might be used to improve surgical practice.
外科醫生是人, 人是動物, 而動物經常打架。這就是為什麼動物行為專家 Franse把注意力轉向手術室, 看看他磨練研究黑猩猩的方法是否可以用來改善外科手術。
Dr de Waal-and, more particularly Laura Jones, his colleague at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, who didthe actual field work-used those methods to construct ethograms of surgicalteams. An ethogram is a list of all thetypes of behavior that occur within agroup of animals. To draw up these lists Dr Jones observed interactions between 400 doctors, nurses and technicians during 200 operations. She logged all thenon-technical communications shespotted, and classified them as "cooperative" (likely to lead to better surgicaloutcomes), "conflictive" (potentially jeopardizing patient safety) or neutral.
Laura Jones博士和他的同事在亞特蘭大的埃默裡大學, 現場實踐來用構建（動物）行為詳述。（動物）行為詳述是動物的一系列行為。為了繪製這一系列，瓊斯博士觀察了兩百場手術中的四百名醫生、護士和技術員。她記錄了所有的非技術性交流，她將其歸類為 "合作" (可能導致更好的外科手術結果) "衝突" (可能危及病人的安全) 或中性。
As she describes in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, after analyzing each of more than 6,000 exchanged insults and pleasantries, she found that surgical communication does indeed mimic wild-animal behavior，both collaborative and hostile. In particular, as happens among wild animals, individuals jostle for dominance with others of their own sex while trying to ingratiate themselves with members of the opposite one.
正如她在《國家科學院學報》中所描述的那樣, 在分析了六千多起相互辱罵和寒暄的行為之後, 她發現手術溝通確實模仿了野生動物的行為，協作和敵對的都有。尤其是在野生動物中, 個人在試圖討好異性的同時, 也爭相爭奪自己的性別優勢。
Given males' especial reputations for such jostling, it was hardly surprising that predominantly male surgical teams that were led by a man proved twice as likely as similar teams led by women to experience conflict (50.6% of operations, rather than 21.3%), whereas in female teams there was no difference, regardless of leader. More intriguing though, was that when Dr Jones looked at the fraction of interactions which were collaborative, it was higher, regardless of whether the lead surgeon was a man or a woman, when that leader was of the opposite sex to most of the underlings.
鑑於男性在推擠中的特殊名聲, 這是不足為奇的, 由男子領導的男性外科隊主要被證明有兩次可能有衝突 (50.6% 的概率, 而不是 21.3%), 而在女性團隊中沒有任何區別, 無論是領導者還是普通人。更有趣的是, 當瓊斯博士看著協作的部分時, 它更高, 不管領頭的外科醫生是男的還是女的, 當那個領導對大多數下屬來說是異性的時候。
句子結構：
More intriguing though, was that when Dr Jones looked at the fraction of interactions which were collaborative, it was higher, regardless of whether the lead surgeon was a man or a woman, when that leader was of the opposite sex to most of the underlings.
主句：
More intriguing was that it was higher, regardless of whether the lead surgeon was a man or a woman, when that leader was of the opposite sex to most of the underlings.
when Dr Jones looked at the fraction of interactions是時間狀語，which were collaborative是定語從句，注意 regardless of的用法。
Previous research suggests that be tween 70% and 80% of surgical mishaps are caused by interactions between those present going wrong. This work by Dr Jones and Dr de Waal suggests how that fraction might be reduced both in the short term, by mixing and matching personnel, and in the long term by encouraging more women into what is now a male-dominated profession, so that such mixing and matching is easier to do.
先前的研究表明, 70% 和80% 的手術失誤是由在場的人之間的相互作用引起的。瓊斯博士和 埃米爾·瓊斯·帕裡博士的這項工作表明, 在短期內, 通過混合和匹配的人員來減少這一比率, 並在長期內鼓勵更多的婦女進入現在是男性主導的職業, 這樣混合和搭配就更讓手術變得容易。
寫作推薦：
1. without being affected or influenced by something
不管；不顧
[+ of]
例：The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, or sex. 法律規定人人平等，無論種族、宗教或性別。
2. if you continue doing something regardless, you do it in spite of difficulties or other people telling you not to
不管怎樣，無論如何
carry on/go on regardless (=continue what you are doing)不管怎樣都繼續下去
例：You get a lot of criticism, but you just have to carry on regardless.
你受到許多批評，但無論如何你只能繼續下去。
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