我看了一下,2.19經濟學人上有一篇文章恰好就講到了這個話題,這篇文章的標題叫作China’s campaign against film piracy is upsetting Hollywood fans。against film piracy就是打擊盜版電影的意思了~
再來看一下副標題,The end is nigh for online 「translation groups」 that make bootleg Western films accessible to millions,這句知識點還蠻多的。
先看句子結構,這句主幹是The end is nigh for online 「translation groups」;that引導的定語從句修飾online 「translation groups」;
nigh美[naɪ]這個詞本意是「即將發生;接近地」,be nigh意思就是「不遠;已近;即將到來」。
The end is nigh指末日不遠了,快涼了。例如:The end of the world may be nigh, but do we really care?世界末日可能不遠了,但我們真的在意嗎?
bootleg美[ˈbuːtleɡ],在這裡是形容詞,表示非法製造販賣的,比如a bootleg cassette 非法錄製的盒式磁帶。
接下來我們看看全文,做了大概的單詞解析和難點解析,在公眾號「高齋外刊雙語精讀」上分享給大家看看。英文是完整版的,不過有一句不適合發這裡,就刪掉了。時間倉促,有不足之處,大家多包涵!
第一段:For a generation of young Chinese, American television shows like 「The Big Bang Theory」, 「Breaking Bad」 and 「Sex and the City」 were their first taste of life in the West. Growing up with limited English inside China’s 「great firewall」, millions of them watched pirated versions online, with the help of subtitles produced by volunteers. Many of the translators were Chinese students, both in China and at universities abroad. They provided their skills for little reward, except the glory of an on-screen credit, to streaming services that allowed free access or offered super-cheap subscriptions. Being accepted into such firms』 「translation groups」 was a badge of distinction. Standards were high and competition for membership was fierce. It will not be in future, however.
高齋參考譯文:對中國年輕一代來說,《生活大爆炸》《絕命毒師》和《欲望都市》等美國電視劇讓他們第一次接觸到西方生活。在中國的「防火長城」內,數百萬年輕一代從小就沒接觸到多少英語影視作品,他們藉助志願者製作的字幕在網上觀看盜版視頻。許多字幕翻譯人員都是來自國內和國外大學的中國學生。他們向那些允許用戶免費觀看或提供超低價訂閱服務的流媒體服務公司提供翻譯,除屏幕上的署名權帶來的榮譽外,幾乎沒什麼報酬。獲準加入這類公司的「翻譯組」是一種優秀的表現。加入字幕組要求很高,競爭激烈。不過,以後不會了。
1. one’s first taste of:表示第一次……;初次接觸到;第一次體驗。比如金融時報上這句:
It was his first taste of media intrusion as a scrum of photographers camped outside his house.
看著一大群攝影記者在他家外面安營紮寨,這是他第一次體會到媒體侵擾的感覺。
2. 固定搭配:growing up with sth表示伴隨著……長大,在……環境中長大。也可以說growing up doing,在年輕人,你願意背負沉重的房貸嗎?| 外刊精讀和英語寫作中我們提到了高齋CATTI衝刺班第9期19年11月CATTI二筆真題,其中就有這麼一句:
作為看漫畫長大的80後一代,熱愛傳統民居建築的毛葛想到了通過漫畫形式向人們介紹傳統民居,希望讓更多人看到傳統民居建築的美並加入到保護傳統民居的行列,引起更多人尤其是年輕人對這一學科的興趣。
這句話中的「看漫畫長大」就可以用grew up reading comics來表示。
3. growing up是狀語
4. limited English這裡其實可以具體指英語影視作品有限。
5. 「great firewall」翻譯為「防火長城」。如新華網報導:美媒稱防火長城助中國網際網路繁榮。
6. 固定表達:pirated versions表示「盜版」。
7. subtitles:表示「字幕」,通常用複數。
8. 第四句句子結構分析:這句主幹是They provided their skills for little reward to streaming services;except the glory of an on-screen credit是對little reward的補充說明,是插入語;that allowed free access or offered super-cheap subscriptions是streaming services的定語從句。
9. 固定表達:an on-screen credit是固定表達,指的是「字幕中的署名權」。它和a screen credit是一個意思,比如詞典上這句:
They got a small piece of the net profits and a screen credit.
他們得到了一小部分純利潤以及電影演職人員字幕中的署名權。
10. 熟詞偏義:allowed在這裡是熟詞偏義,表示「使成為可能」,可以和access搭配。這些熟詞偏義在外刊精讀翻譯班 | 第2期(3月8日開課):拼團只需329元,適合CATTI、MTI翻碩和考研英語備考裡見過很多。
柯林斯詞典上就有類似的例句:
A ramp allows easy access for wheelchairs.
坡道便於輪椅進出。
今天這裡allow free access其實是省去了不言而喻的for users,所以翻譯為允許用戶免費觀看。
11. a badge of:badge美[bædʒ]本意是勳章,標誌,象徵,a badge of表示是……的標誌/象徵/代名詞。如經濟學人例句:
In a land where intellectuals are still cherished, publishing a book is a badge of seriousness.
在一個知識分子仍受敬重的國家,出版一本書籍則是一種嚴肅性的象徵。
12. It will not be in future, however:這句是承前啟後的句子。前一句說要加入字幕組要求高,競爭激烈,這句說It will not be in future,下面段落肯定就會說為什麼It will not be in future,具體就會談到這個字幕組被關。
第二段:On February 3rd 14 people from China’s largest such streaming firm, Renren Yingshi (meaning 「everyone’s movies and shows」), were arrested in Shanghai for alleged copyright infringements. Since then, many other such outfits have gone underground or disbanded. For many internet users, this has been a sad moment. On social media they bade farewell to what they described as something irreplaceable: entertainment free of the dead hand of China’s censors, and with far more accurate subtitles than most officially approved content.
高齋參考譯文:2月3日,中國此類流媒體公司的龍頭人人影視(意為「分享給所有人的電影和節目」)有14人因涉嫌侵犯著作權在上海被捕。之後,許多其他同類公司已經轉入地下或是解散。對許多用戶來說,這真是一個悲傷的時刻。在社交媒體上,他們向自己口中不可替代的東西道了別:人人影視字幕組提供的影視作品沒有經過中國審查機構的嚴苛審查,而且字幕翻譯也比大多數官方審查後的影視作品更精準。
1. arrest sb for表示因……逮捕某人。被動是sb. be arrested for,for表示原因。
2. alleged美[əˈledʒd]:adj. 表示「涉嫌的」。如the alleged bribe涉嫌賄賂。再比如華爾街日報這句:
Having arrested its captain for alleged obstruction of official duties, Japan says it is handling his case according to its domestic law.
在以涉嫌妨礙公務為由抓捕了中國漁船船長後,日本方面表示,要遵照日本國內法處理此案。
3. 熟詞偏義:outfits和前面的services一樣,都表示公司。
4. 固定表達:bade farewell to意思是「告別;道別」。
5. entertainment:這裡指娛樂節目,影視作品。
6. free of ... 表示「免於……;沒有……」。
7. 語法分析:entertainment free of the dead hand of China’s censors, and with far more accurate subtitles than most officially approved content是解釋what they described as something irreplaceable的;what they described as something irreplaceable是what引導的名詞性從句,作bade farewell to的賓語。
8. 易錯點:注意,free of the dead hand of China’s censors與with far more accurate subtitles than most officially approved content並列,都是在修飾entertainment。
一般如果官方引進電影,都會進行審查或刪減,但是人人影視字幕組上的影視作品沒有進行刪減,而且我們都知道人人影視字幕組的一些字幕翻譯確實堪稱神翻譯,比大多數官方審查後的影視作品的字幕翻譯要好。
第三段:Demand for Renren Yingshi’s offerings was fuelled by tight supply. China is one of four regions without Netflix: the others are North Korea, Syria and Crimea. Even though it is one of the fastest growing film markets, China approves only a few foreign films for screening in cinemas each year. It is possible to watch some foreign shows on officially approved streaming sites. But they are heavily censored—so much so in the case of 「Game of Thrones」 that the plot is hard to follow. Such restrictions helped to turn translation-group services into big operations. Police in Shanghai said Renren Yingshi had produced more than 20,000 television shows for its 8m registered users.
高齋參考譯文:國外影視作品在國內供應不足,人們對人人影視上作品的需求得到了提振。中國是世界上禁用Netflix的四個國家之一,其他三個分別是朝鮮、敘利亞和克裡米亞。儘管中國是增長最快的電影市場之一,但它每年只批准少數幾部外國電影在電影院放映。當然還可以在官方認可的流媒體網站上觀看一些外國電影。但這些影片的內容往往被大量刪減,拿《權力的遊戲》來說,情節刪減太多導致觀眾很難看懂。諸如此類的限制推動字幕組翻譯服務變成了大型業務。上海警方表示,人人影視已經為其800萬註冊用戶製作了2萬多部影視作品。
1. offerings在這裡表示「劇作;作品」。比如經濟學人這句:
Alfa brought over seven cars from its museum in Milan, but none of its current offerings.
阿爾法從他在米蘭的博物館帶來了七件珍藏,但卻沒有展出其現在的作品。
2. screening的動詞原形是screen,在這裡表示「放映(電影)等」。舉個例子:
The movie had been panned by critics; at a recent public screening in the New York area, the crowd booed at the end.
影評人士對這部影片嗤之以鼻,不久前在紐約地區公開放映時,觀眾最後噓聲一片。
3. are heavily censored:被大量刪減。censored在這是被刪減的意思。
4. 語法分析:But they are heavily censored—so much so in the case of 「Game of Thrones」 that the plot is hard to follow這部分,so much so ... that是一起的;in the case of表示舉例。
5. the plot:情節。
6. translation-group services:字幕組翻譯服務。這裡services不是公司,而是服務。
7. big operations:大業務。怎麼「大」?下一句中的數字more than 20,000 television shows for its 8m registered users就可以說明業務之大。
第四段:Renren Yingshi’s popularity is evident in the debate that still surrounds it on Weibo, a Twitter-like platform. Posts with hashtags relating to the clampdown have garnered more than a billion views. In one of them, Yan Feng of Fudan University in Shanghai said the subtitling effort had been one of Chinese history’s great translation projects, on a par with a drive to render Western literature into Chinese in the 19th century. Uncensored foreign films and shows will remain accessible to Chinese viewers with foreign-language skills and software that can scale the great firewall. But most people are unlikely to try. Netizens have been sharing the poetic Chinese term, lindong jiangzhi. It is one that subtitling enthusiasts have used to translate a phrase made famous by 「Game of Thrones」: winter is coming.
高齋參考譯文:人人影視的受歡迎度在微博上圍繞它展開的爭論中可見一斑。封禁人人影視相關話題的帖子瀏覽量已經超過了10億。在其中一個帖子裡,復旦大學教授嚴鋒表示,字幕翻譯是中國歷史上一項偉大的翻譯活動,可與19世紀人們將西方文學翻譯成中文的運動比肩。中國觀眾仍然可以觀看未經審查的外國電影和節目,但得懂外語,還得有fanq軟體。但大多數人可能不太會去嘗試。許多網友都在分享一個充滿詩意的中國詞語:「凜冬將至」。字幕愛好者曾用它來翻譯《權力的遊戲》中的一個短語「winter is coming」,這個短語也因此劇成名。
1. clampdown美[ˈklæmpdaʊn]:n. 嚴禁,制止,取締(非法活動)。
2. garnered美[ˈɡɑːrnərd]:原形是garner,表示「獲得;得到;收集」。
我們經常說話題閱讀量或話題瀏覽量,英語該怎麼說呢?其實有很多種說法,最常見的就是view當動詞,即be viewed ... times。
view也可以當名詞,views表示瀏覽量,常見搭配是accumulate/log/attract/gain+數字+views,比如這段對《哪吒》的介紹:
"Ne Zha" fever quickly spread on social media following its release, with the film's title soon becoming one of the hottest hashtags on China's Twitter-like Weibo on the opening day, accumulating/logging more than 1.5 billion views and around a million posts.
《哪吒》上映後迅速在社交媒體上走紅,上映當天很快成為微博熱門話題,話題閱讀量超15億,相關帖子約100萬。
瀏覽量還可以用今天這個garner+數字+views表示。
3. 固定搭配:on a par with意思是與……相當,與……一樣,與……比肩,與……相媲美。比如金融時報這句:
An economy that in the 1960s had a per capita income on a par with sub-Saharan Africa is now snapping at the heels of Britain and France.
一個在上世紀60年代人均收入還與撒哈拉以南非洲不相上下的國家,如今已經緊隨英國與法國之後。
4. a drive to do sth:drive在這裡是名詞,表示有組織的努力,運動。如the government's drive to reduce energy consumption政府為減少能源消耗而發起的運動。將西學翻譯為中文我們一般稱之為「翻譯運動」。
5. 一詞多義:render sth into意思是將……譯成某種語言。
6. Chinese viewers with foreign-language skills and software ...這部分,with修飾的是viewers,表示具備,有。
7. 熟詞偏義:scale在這裡是動詞,表示翻過,翻越。scale the great firewall簡單來說就是我們平時所說的「翻qiang」。
8. 最後一句句子結構分析:It is one that subtitling enthusiasts have used to translate a phrase made famous by 「Game of Thrones」: winter is coming這句中,It is one that不是強調句型,強調句型去掉It is that不影響句意,但這裡不行。
這裡it指lindong jiangzhi,that引導的是定語從句,修飾的是one,指的是term。
9. 凜冬將至:英語Winter Is Coming,是電視劇《權力的遊戲》第一季第一集,同時也是北方史塔克家族(House Stark of Winterfell)的家族族語。
外刊精讀翻譯班 | 第2期(3月8日開課):拼團只需329元,適合CATTI、MTI翻碩和考研英語備考