單細胞基因組可被組織進TAD和染色質納米域中
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/10/22 14:46:41
法國蒙彼利埃大學Giacomo Cavalli、Frédéric Bantignies等研究人員合作發現,單細胞基因組可被組織進TAD和染色質納米域中。該項研究成果於2020年10月19日在線發表在《自然—遺傳學》雜誌上。
研究人員揭示了使用超解析度顯微鏡無法進行的拓撲關聯域(TAD)特徵的細胞群體分析。TAD結構和與它們的邊界相關的物理絕緣在單個細胞之間是可變的,但是與大多數細胞中的相鄰TAD相比,TAD中的染色質混雜更為豐富。在細胞分化過程中,TAD的空間分離進一步加劇。TAD內部的有利相互作用受粘連蛋白和CTCF通過不同機制的調節:粘連蛋白產生染色質接觸和混雜,而CTCF阻止TAD之間的接觸。
此外,TAD細分為離散的納米域,在缺乏CTCF或粘連蛋白的細胞中持續存在,而核小體接觸的破壞會改變其結構組織。總而言之,這些結果為納米級的單個染色體摺疊提供了物理基礎。
據了解,基因組在核內摺疊成三維結構的層次結構。在亞兆鹼基規模上,染色體形成TAD。但是,TAD如何在單個細胞中摺疊仍然難以捉摸。
附:英文原文
Title: Regulation of single-cell genome organization into TADs and chromatin nanodomains
Author: Quentin Szabo, Axelle Donjon, Ivana Jerkovi, Giorgio L. Papadopoulos, Thierry Cheutin, Boyan Bonev, Elphge P. Nora, Benoit G. Bruneau, Frdric Bantignies, Giacomo Cavalli
Issue&Volume: 2020-10-19
Abstract: The genome folds into a hierarchy of three-dimensional structures within the nucleus. At the sub-megabase scale, chromosomes form topologically associating domains (TADs)1,2,3,4. However, how TADs fold in single cells is elusive. Here, we reveal TAD features inaccessible to cell population analysis by using super-resolution microscopy. TAD structures and physical insulation associated with their borders are variable between individual cells, yet chromatin intermingling is enriched within TADs compared to adjacent TADs in most cells. The spatial segregation of TADs is further exacerbated during cell differentiation. Favored interactions within TADs are regulated by cohesin and CTCF through distinct mechanisms: cohesin generates chromatin contacts and intermingling while CTCF prevents inter-TAD contacts. Furthermore, TADs are subdivided into discrete nanodomains, which persist in cells depleted of CTCF or cohesin, whereas disruption of nucleosome contacts alters their structural organization. Altogether, these results provide a physical basis for the folding of individual chromosomes at the nanoscale.
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-00716-8
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00716-8