今天，介紹的是新發表在《Plos Pathogens》，南京農大張海峰團隊發表的研究論文《
The t-SNARE protein FgPep12, associated with FgVam7, is essential for ascospore discharge and plant infection by trafficking Ca2+ ATPase FgNeo1 between Golgi and endosome/vacuole in Fusarium graminearum》。可溶性N-乙基馬來醯亞胺敏感因子附著受體（SNARE）通過膜融合和囊泡運輸在病原體中的介導，在發育和毒力中起關鍵作用。作者先前的研究報導SNARE蛋白FgVam7及其結合蛋白FgVps39 / 41參與囊泡運輸，並且對於營養生長，無性/性發育，脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇（deoxynivalenol）產生以及禾穀鐮刀菌Fusarium graminearum的毒力是重要的。
在本文中，作者鑑定了禾穀鐮刀菌中的另一種FgVam7結合蛋白，FgPep12，是酵母t-SNARE Pep12的直系同源物，它的SNARE和TM結構域對於其定位和功能是必需的。 FgPep12的缺失導致營養生長，分生孢子發生，子囊殼形成和毒力的缺陷。細胞學觀察顯示FgPep12定位於高爾基體，晚期內體和液泡，並且是從液泡轉移到前泡室的必要條件。
進一步的研究表明，FgPep12和FgVam7都是通過與高爾基體和內體/液泡系統之間的Ca2 ATP酶FgNeo1相互作用和運輸來分泌子囊孢子所必需的。FgNeo1與FgPep12具有相似的生物學作用，是禾穀鐮刀菌中子囊孢子釋放所必需的。
總之，這些結果提供了有力的證據，有助於揭示禾穀鐮刀菌中SNARE蛋白調控子囊孢子釋放和植物感染的機制。
Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment receptors (SNAREs) play a crucial role in the development and virulence through mediation of membrane fusion and vesicle trafficking in pathogens. Our previous studies reported that the SNARE protein FgVam7 and its binding proteins FgVps39/41 are involved in vesicle trafficking and are important for vegetative growth, asexual/sexual development, deoxynivalenol production and virulence in the Fusarium head blight fungus Fusarium graminearum. Here, we identified and characterized another FgVam7 binding protein in F. graminearum, FgPep12, an ortholog of yeast t-SNARE Pep12 with both the SNARE and TM domains being essential for its localization and function. Deletion of FgPep12 caused defects in vegetative growth, conidiogenesis, perithecia formation and virulence. Cytological observation revealed that FgPep12 localizes to the Golgi apparatus, late endosomes and vacuoles, and is necessary for transport from the vacuole to prevacuolar compartment. Further investigation revealed that both FgPep12 and FgVam7 are essential for ascospore discharge through interaction with and trafficking of the Ca2+ ATPase FgNeo1 between the Golgi and endosomal/vacuolar system. FgNeo1 has similar biological roles to FgPep12 and is required for ascospore discharge in F. graminearum. Together, these results provide solid evidence to help unravel the mechanisms underlying the manipulation of ascospore discharge and plant infection by SNARE proteins in F. graminearum.
作者的總結：介導運輸囊泡與正確靶膜融合的SNARE蛋白是囊泡運輸機制的重要組成部分。與同源效應物一起，SNARE協調運輸途徑的動態並確定運輸的蛋白質的位置。在這裡，我們發現SNARE蛋白FgPep12通過參與高爾基體和內體/液泡系統之間的囊泡運輸對真菌發育和毒力很重要。我們進一步提供多種證據表明SNARE蛋白調節病原真菌的發育和子囊孢子排出。與FgVam7相關的FgPep12是在高爾基體和內體/液泡系統之間運輸Ca2 ATP酶FgNeo1所必需的，從而控制禾穀鐮刀菌的生長，無性發育，子囊孢子排出和植物感染。
今天就策到這裡，點擊閱讀原文可以查看原文。
"植物病毒與抗逆研究"由浙江大學植物病理學博士研究生黑暗大邪神管理與運營。
歡迎讀者交流投稿與合作，懇請讀者多多宣傳。
我們設立了植物病毒與抗逆的微信交流群，入群請聯繫微信wxy005987
投稿、轉載、信息發布與合作事宜，請聯繫xy_wu@zju.edu.cn