Attorney General William Barr said the Justice Department had a "duty" to move to dismiss the charges against President Donald Trump's first national security adviser Michael Flynn on Thursday.
美國司法部長巴爾表示，司法部有責任採取行動，在周四撤銷對川普總統首任國家安全事務助理弗林的指控。
各位同學們，我們一起來學習一下今天的法律熱詞——
【法律熱詞】
Charge
英[tʃɑːdʒ] 美[tʃɑːrdʒ]
n.(1)(商品的)價錢；價格 (2)(服務的)費用；佣金(3)經濟負擔；金錢支出 (4)費用 在商業上，指發生於企業經營活動中的租金、利息、稅金等費用，特別是損益表〔profit and loss account〕中不能在其他項目〔heading〕下出現的各種費用。 (5)(帳目的)借項；借記；暫借的 (6)擔保；負擔 (7)任務；職責；義務；責任；使命 (8)管理；照管；照顧 (9)被照顧者；被撫養人；被贍養人 (10)宗教牧師的管區或管區內的人民(11)指控；指控的犯罪 指控是通過向法院或其他司法機關提出正式的控告書〔complaint〕或起訴書〔information or indictment〕而對犯罪進行的控告。 (12)行政程序中的申請書 相當於訴訟程序中的起訴狀。
[v]
(1) If you charge someone an amount of money, you ask them to pay that amount for something that you have sold to them or done for them.向…收費;索要(錢);要價
Eg:Some banks charge if you access your account to determine your balance.
有些銀行對查詢帳戶餘額要收費。
(2) To charge something to a person or organization means to tell the people providing it to send the bill to that person or organization. 將…的帳單寄給…;把…記在…的帳上
Eg:All transactions have been charged to your account.
所有交易都記在你的帳戶上了。
[n]
(1) A charge is a formal accusation that someone has committed a crime.
指控;控告
Eg: They appeared at court yesterday to deny charges of murder.
他們昨天出庭，否認謀殺的指控。
(2) When the police charge someone, they formally accuse them of having done something illegal.(警方)指控，起訴
Eg: Police have charged Mr Bell with murder.
警方已經起訴貝爾先生犯有謀殺罪。
Dismiss
英 [dɪsˈmɪs] 美 [dɪsˈmɪs]
v.(1)解僱；免職；開除 (2)駁回(起訴)；(未經開庭審理而)終結訴訟
[v]
(1) If you dismiss something, you decide or say that it is not important enough for you to think about or consider.不考慮;不理會
Eg: Mr Wakeham dismissed the reports as speculation.
韋克厄姆先生把這些報導當作臆測而不予考慮。
(2) If you dismiss something from your mind, you stop thinking about it.(從頭腦中)去除;不再考慮;拋棄
Eg: 'It's been a lovely day,' she said, dismissing the episode.
「這是開心的一天，」她說，將那事拋到了腦後。
(3) When an employer dismisses an employee, the employer tells the employee that they are no longer needed to do the job that they have been doing.解僱;免…的職;開除
Eg: The military commander has been dismissed.
軍隊司令已經被免職了。
(4) When a judge dismisses a case against someone, he or she formally states that there is no need for a trial, usually because there is not enough evidence for the case to continue.(法官)駁回，不予受理
Eg: An American judge yesterday dismissed murder charges against Dr Jack Kevorkian.
昨天一個美國法官駁回了對傑克·凱沃爾基安醫生的謀殺指控。
關於「撤銷指控」的相關英文表達：
撤銷指控 dismiss the charges
撤銷對某人的指控dismiss the charges against sb
【熱詞的來龍去脈】
Barr denied in an interview with CBS News that he was doing the bidding of the President, who had repeatedly lambasted the probe, in carrying out the remarkable reversal.
巴爾在接受哥倫比亞廣播公司（CBS）新聞採訪時否認了他是在執行總統的命令，而總統曾多次斥責此次調查，起了明顯的逆轉作用。
"No, I'm doing the law's bidding," Barr said.
巴爾說：「不，我是按法律辦事。」
Barr's comments come following the department's request to drop the case, filed with a federal judge in DC District Court on Thursday, in a sudden end to a protracted legal battle that's lately been fertile ground for Trump to attack the early Russia investigation and former FBI leadership he dislikes.
巴爾發表上述言論之前，司法部於周四在華盛頓地區法院向聯邦法官提出撤銷此案的請求，隨之這場曠日持久的法律戰突然結束；而這場法律戰最近成為川普攻擊俄羅斯早期調查和他厭惡的前聯邦調查局領導層的充實依據。
The filing drew swift criticism from former top FBI officials who had worked on the case and supported the investigation into Flynn, whose lies about his contacts with Russia prompted Trump to fire him three years ago and special counsel Robert Mueller to flip him to cooperate in the Russia investigation.
這份文件引來了曾參與此案並支持對弗林調查的前聯邦調查局高級官員的迅猛批評，弗林對與俄羅斯接觸所作出的謊言促使川普在三年前解僱了他，特別助理羅伯特·穆勒在配合這起俄羅斯調查中徹底調查了他。
Barr echoed the legal reasoning to drop the case that was laid out in the Thursday filing, which argued that the lie that Flynn was prosecuted for telling investigators wasn't actually "material" or influential to an investigation.
巴爾回應了周四提交文件中撤銷該案的法律理由，該文件認為弗林因告訴調查人員而被起訴的謊言實際上並不「重要」，也不影響調查。
"A crime cannot be established here. They did not have a basis for a counterintelligence investigation against Flynn at that stage," Barr said, referring to the FBI.
在談到聯邦調查局時，巴爾說：「這裡犯罪不成立。他們當時沒有依據對弗林進行反間諜調查。」
"People sometimes plead to things that turn out not to be crimes," he added.
他補充道：「人們有時會對那些最終證明不是犯罪的事情進行辯護。
Barr said that he is expecting criticism from people who view the move as political, adding that he found it "sad that nowadays these partisan feelings are so strong that people have lost any sense of justice."
巴爾表示他期待著那些將此舉視為政治行動的人所提出的批評，並補充說，他發現令人悲哀的是，如今這些黨派情緒如此強烈，以至於人們失去了任何正義感。
Barr was also asked how he thought history would look back on dropping Flynn's case as an indication of Barr's decision-making.
巴爾還被問到，他認為歷史將如何回顧巴爾決策的跡象——撤銷弗林案呢？
"Well, history is written by the winner," Barr replied. "So it largely depends on who's writing the history."
巴爾回答：「歷史是由勝利者書寫的，所以這很大程度上取決於誰在寫這段歷史。」
Justice Department spokeswoman Kerri Kupec said Thursday that the department did not brief the White House on its decision to seek to drop the Flynn case.
美國司法部發言人克裡·庫佩克於周四表示，司法部沒有向白宮通報尋求撤銷弗林案的決定。
After suggesting last month that Flynn would be exonerated and referring to the FBI agents as "dirty, filthy cops," Trump said Thursday that Flynn is "innocent."
川普於上月暗示弗林將被無罪釋放，並指聯邦調查局特工是「骯髒的警察」；之後，他於周四表示弗林是「無辜的」。
"I'm very happy for General Flynn," Trump added. "He was a great warrior, and he still is a great warrior, now in my book is an even greater warrior."
川普還說：「我為弗林感到非常高興。」他是一個偉大的戰士，現在仍然是一個偉大的戰士，在我的書中，他是一個更偉大的戰士。」
【熱詞知識點補充】
弗林是川普政府首任國家安全事務助理，他曾在2017年的「通俄門」調查中，承認就曾與俄羅斯大使對話一事向聯邦調查局特工撒謊。但當時法官嚴厲指責弗林，斥其行為無疑「賣國」，更一度詢問檢方為何不起訴他叛國罪。
在美國，叛國罪既涉及聯邦法律，也涉及州法律，屬於最嚴重但又極其罕見的刑事犯罪之一。犯罪情節嚴重的，有可能被判無期徒刑，甚至死刑。儘管如此，美國歷史上至少有14人被控犯有針對州的叛國罪，至少6人被判罪，其中5人被處死。但沒有一人因為針對聯邦政府的叛國罪而被處以死刑。
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