海馬CA2銳波波動重新激活並促進社交記憶
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/9/24 11:41:51
美國哥倫比亞大學Steven A. Siegelbaum、Azahara Oliva等研究人員合作發現，海馬CA2銳波波動重新激活並促進社交記憶。這一研究成果於2020年9月23日在線發表在國際學術期刊《自然》上。
研究人員考察了銳波波動（SWR）在社會記憶整合過程中的作用（動物識別並記住同一物種的成員的能力），並重點研究了CA2，因為它在社會記憶中起著重要的作用。研究人員發現CA2錐體神經元組合在SWR期間被重新激活，這些神經元在對先前未知的物種進行社交探索期間會活躍。值得注意的是，CA2 SWR的破壞或增強分別抑制或延長了社交記憶。因此，與近期經驗有關的SWR介導的海馬放電再激活似乎是將空間、時間和感覺信息結合到高階記憶（包括社交記憶在內）中的通用機制。
據悉，空間記憶的鞏固取決於最近行為期間活躍的海馬位置細胞的重新激活（「重播」）。這種重新激活在SWR期間觀察到，即非快速眼動睡眠期間發生的同步振蕩電事件，並且其破壞損害空間記憶。儘管海馬還編碼了多種非空間形式的陳述性記憶，但尚不清楚SWR是否對於此類記憶是必需的。此外，儘管SWR可能來自海馬的CA3或CA2區域，但尚不清楚來自這些區域的SWR對記憶整合的相對重要性。
附：英文原文
Title: Hippocampal CA2 sharp-wave ripples reactivate and promote social memory
Author: Azahara Oliva, Antonio Fernndez-Ruiz, Felix Leroy, Steven A. Siegelbaum
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-23
Abstract: The consolidation of spatial memory depends on the reactivation (『replay』) of hippocampal place cells that were active during recent behaviour. Such reactivation is observed during sharp-wave ripples (SWRs)—synchronous oscillatory electrical events that occur during non-rapid-eye-movement (non-REM) sleep1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and whose disruption impairs spatial memory3,5,6,8. Although the hippocampus also encodes a wide range of non-spatial forms of declarative memory, it is not yet known whether SWRs are necessary for such memories. Moreover, although SWRs can arise from either the CA3 or the CA2 region of the hippocampus7,9, the relative importance of SWRs from these regions for memory consolidation is unknown. Here we examine the role of SWRs during the consolidation of social memory—the ability of an animal to recognize and remember a member of the same species—focusing on CA2 because of its essential role in social memory10,11,12. We find that ensembles of CA2 pyramidal neurons that are active during social exploration of previously unknown conspecifics are reactivated during SWRs. Notably, disruption or enhancement of CA2 SWRs suppresses or prolongs social memory, respectively. Thus, SWR-mediated reactivation of hippocampal firing related to recent experience appears to be a general mechanism for binding spatial, temporal and sensory information into high-order memory representations, including social memory.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2758-y
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2758-y