工程化改造的噬菌體可抑制細菌抗性
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/10/5 18:07:03
近日,美國麻省理工學院Timothy K. Lu團隊通過噬菌體尾部纖維突變進行工程化改造噬菌體宿主範圍,從而實現對細菌抗性的抑制。這一研究成果發表在2019年10月3日出版的國際學術期刊《細胞》上。
通過自然進化和結構建模,研究人員在T3噬菌體尾巴纖維蛋白中鑑定了宿主範圍決定區(HRDR),並開發了高通量策略以通過定點誘變對這些區域進行遺傳工程改造。受抗體特異性工程的啟發,這種方法可產生深層的功能多樣性,同時最大程度地減少對整個尾部纖維結構的破壞,從而產生合成的「噬菌體」。
研究人員發現,突變HRDR會產生宿主範圍改變的噬菌體,而篩選出的噬菌體可實現對體外細菌生長的長期抑制,這是通過防止耐藥性的出現所實現的,並且使用鼠模型可在體內起作用。
研究人員預計,這種方法可能會促進下一代抗微生物藥物的產生,從而減緩耐藥性的發展,並可能擴展到其他病毒載體,從而具有廣泛的應用範圍。
據了解,抗生素耐藥性感染的迅速出現促使人們對基於噬菌體的抗菌素的興趣日益濃厚。然而,細菌獲得抗藥性是成功開發噬菌體療法的主要問題。
附:英文原文
Title: Engineering Phage Host-Range and Suppressing Bacterial Resistance through Phage Tail Fiber Mutagenesis
Author: Kevin Yehl, Sébastien Lemire, Andrew C. Yang, Hiroki Ando, Mark Mimee, Marcelo Der Torossian Torres, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez, Timothy K. Lu
Issue&Volume: 2019/10/03
Abstract: The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant infections is prompting increased interest in phage-based antimicrobials. However, acquisition of resistance by bacteria is a major issue in the successful development of phage therapies. Through natural evolution and structural modeling, we identified host-range-determining regions (HRDRs) in the T3 phage tail fiber protein and developed a high-throughput strategy to genetically engineer these regions through site-directed mutagenesis. Inspired by antibody specificity engineering, this approach generates deep functional diversity while minimizing disruptions to the overall tail fiber structure, resulting in synthetic 「phagebodies.」 We showed that mutating HRDRs yields phagebodies with altered host-ranges, and select phagebodies enable long-term suppression of bacterial growth in vitro, by preventing resistance appearance, and are functional in vivo using a murine model. We anticipate that this approach may facilitate the creation of next-generation antimicrobials that slow resistance development and could be extended to other viral scaffolds for a broad range of applications.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.015
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)31022-0
Cell:《細胞》,創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社,最新IF:36.216