在上篇文章裡小編為大家介紹了幾個中醫冬季養生的小知識，包括溫養進補、早睡晚起、保暖護腳和補充水分。今天在這裡要為大家著重介紹一下有關溫養進補的更加詳細和具體的知識—藥膳（Medicated Diet)
藥膳是在中醫辨證配膳理論指導下，由藥物、食物和調料三者精製而成的一種既有藥物功效，又有食品美味，用以防病治病、強身益壽的特殊食品。
Medicated diet is a special highly finished diet made from Chinese drugs,food and condiments under the theoretical guidance of diet prepara based on differenthat ion of symptoms and signs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It has not only the efficiency of medicine but also the delicacy of food, and can be used to prevent and cure diseashes,build up one’s health and prolong one’s life.
如今正值寒冬，冬天是感冒等呼吸道疾病多發的季節。感冒又稱「上呼吸道感染」，中醫認為是因外邪侵襲人體所致。為縮短病程，忠感冒時，可根據辨證選用適當藥膳治療。
Now it is cold winter, winter is a cold and other respiratory diseases season. Common cold is also known as "upper respiratory tract infection ".TCM holds that it results from exopathogens attacking the body. When having a cold, one can be treated with proper medicated diet according to the differentiation of syndromes so as to shorten the course of disease.
1.常見證型
Common Types of Syndromes
l)風寒型
Wind-Cold Type
主要表現為惡寒重，發熱輕，無汗，頭痛，鼻塞，流清涕，喉癢，咳嗽，咯痰稀薄色白，口不渴，或渴喜熱飲，四肢酸痛，苔薄白，脈浮或浮緊。
Manifested mainly as strong aversion to cold, slight fever without sweating, headache, stuffy nose, watery nasal discharge, itching of the throat, cough, expectoration of thin and white sputum, non-thirst or thirst and desire for hot drink, aching pain of limbs, thin and white fur, floating pulse or floating and tense pulse.
2)風熱型
Wind-Heat Type
身熱較著，微惡風，汗出不暢，頭脹痛，鼻塞，流黃濁涕，咽喉紅腫疼痛，或口咽乾燥，口渴欲飲，咳嗽，痰粘或黃，舌邊尖紅，苔薄白或微黃，脈浮數。
Manifested as higher fever, light aversion to wind, slow sweat, distending pain in the head stuffy nose, yellow and turbid nasal discharge, red-swollen and sore throat, or dry mouth and throat, thirst and strong desire for drink, cough, sticky or yellow phlegm, red margin and tip of the tongue with thin and white fur or light yellowish fur, floating and rapid pulse.
3)暑溼型
Summer-Heat and Dampness Type
夏季感冒，身熱，微惡風，無汗或微汗，頭昏重脹痛，心煩，口渴，肢體酸重或疼痛;或口中粘膩，渴不多飲，胸悶，噁心，小便短黃，苔薄黃或黃膩， 脈濡數。
Manifested as catching cold in summer, marked by fever, light aversion t wind, absence of sweating or slight sweat, heaviness and dis- tending pain in the head, vexation, thirst, heaviness sensation and aching pain of limbs, ropy and greasy mouth, thirst but drink little . oppressed sensation in the chest, nausea, oliguria with yellowish urine, thin and yellow fur or yellow and greasy fur, soft and floating and rapid pulse.
2.食療中藥
Dietetic Chinese Drugs
1) 生薑
Fresh ginger (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens)
性微溫， 有一定解表散風寒作用。適用於風寒型感冒。
Slight warm in nature and able to induce diaphoresis to dispel wind and cold pathogens to a certain degree, it is applicable to common cold of wind-cold type.
2)蔥白
Chinese green onion (Bulbus Allii Fistulosi)
有疏散風寒、 發汗解表作用。用於風寒型感冒輕症，常與淡豆豉同用。
Dispelling wind and cold and inducing diaphoresis to relieve exterior syndrome, it is used to treat light common cold of wind-cold type, and often taken along with prepared soybean (Semen Sojae Praeparatum).
3)淡豆豉
Prepared soybean (Semen Sojae Praeparatum)
為大豆加工製品，既能疏散表邪，又能宣散鬱熱。感冒之風寒型、風熱型均可應用。
A product made from soybean. It can not only dispel pathogenic factor attacking the exterior of the body but also stagnant heat. Common cold of cither wind-cold type or wind-heat type can be treated with it.
4)菊花
Chrysenthemum flower (Flos Chrysanthemi)
有疏散風熱的作用。可用於風熱型感冒，尤以黃菊花較佳。常入藥粥、藥茶中使用。
Dispelling wind-heat, it is used to treat common cold of wind-heat type. Of all kinds of chrysanthemum flowers, the yellow one is most effective, and is often used as an ingredient of medicated gruel or medicated tea.
3.藥膳複方
Composite Medicated Diet
1)薑糖茶
Ginger and Sugar Tea (Jiang Tang Cha)
生薑9克(洗淨切絲)，紅糖12克，開水沏，趁熱頓服。服後宜臥床蓋被出微汗。適用於風寒型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
clean shredded fresh ginger, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens. 9g
brown sugar. 12g
PROCESS
Infuse them in boilingwater.
DIRECTIONS
To betaken warm at a time.After taking it, one should lie in bed until he or she perspires a bit. It is applicable to common cold of wind-cold type.
2)蔥豉黃酒湯
Decoction of Chinese Green Onion, Prepared Soybean and Yellow Wine (Cong Chi Huangjiu Tang)
連須蔥白30克，淡豆豉15克，黃酒50克。先煎煮豆豉約10分鐘，再放入洗淨切碎的連須蔥白，繼續煎煮5分鐘，濾出煎液，加入黃酒，趁熱服用。1日分2次服。適用於風寒型感冒.
INGREDIENTS
Chinese green onion,Bulbus Allii Fistulosi (with
hairs). 30g
prepared soybean, Semen Sojae Praeparatum. 15g
yellow rice or millet wine. 50g
PROCESS
First decoct theprepared soybean for10 minutes; then put in the cut-up Chinese green onion with hairs and go on decocting for 5 minutes more; and finally sift the decoction from the dregs and pour in the wine.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken warm, twice a day.It is applicable to common cold of wind-cold type.
3)五神湯
Five-Ingredient Decoction (Wu Shen Tang)
荊芥9 克，蘇葉9克(洗淨),茶葉6克，生薑9克，煎煮，濾汁去渣，加入紅糖30克，攪拌使糖溶解。1日內分數次服用。適用於風寒型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
schizonepeta, Herba Schizonepetae. 9g
clean perila leaf, Folium Perillaec. 9g
tea leaves, Folium Camelliae Sinensis. 6g
fresh giner, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens. 9g
brown sugar. 30g
PROCESS
Decoct the first four ingredients and sift the liquid from the dregs; then put in the brown sugar and stir it to have it dissolved.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken in several separate doses on the same day. It is applicable to common cold of wind-cold type.
4)神仙粥
Gruel of Fresh Ginger and Glutinous Rice (Shenxian Zhou)
生薑6克，糯米100克(淘洗淨),共煮一、二沸，放入洗淨切碎的連須蔥白30克，繼續隸，待粥將成時加入米醋10毫升，稍煮，趁熱服用。服後宜蓋被靜臥，微出汗。適用於風寒型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
fresh giner, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens. 6g
clean polished glutinous rice, Semen Oryzae Glutinosae. 100g
Chinesc green onion, Bulbus Allii Fistulosi (with hairs). 30g
millet vinegar. 10ml
PROCESS
Cook the fresh ginger and the rice until they come to one or two boils, then put in the Chinese green onion which has been washed clean and cut up and go on cooking. finally when the gruel is nearly done, pour in the millet vinegar and cook for a while.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken hot. After taking it, one should lie in bed until he or she perspires a bit. Applicable to common cold of wind-cold type.
5)荊芥粥
Schizonepeta Gruel (Jingjie Zhou)
荊芥9克，薄荷3克，淡豆豉9克，煎煮，沸後5分鐘，濾出藥汁，去渣，加入粳米100克煮粥，稍煮即成。每日2次，溫熱服食。適用於風寒型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
schizonepeta, Herba Schizonepetae. 9g
peppermint, Herba Menthae. 3g
prepared soybean, Semen Sojae Praeparatum. 9g
polished round-grained rice, Semen Oryzae Sativae. 100g
PROCESS
Decoct the first three ingredients and sift the decoction from the dregs five minutes after they begin boil- ing; then make gruel with the decoction and the rice. It will be done in a few minutes.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken warm, twice a day.It is applicable to common cold of wind-cold type.
6)菊花蘆根茶
Tea of Chrysanthemum Flower and Reed Rhizome (Juhua Lugen Cha)
菊花6克，蘆根21克(鮮者加倍)，水煎(或開水沏)代茶飲。適用於風熱型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
chrysanthemum flower, Flos Chrysanthemi. 6g
reed rhizome, Rhizoma Phragmitis. 21g
(double it if the fresh is used)
PROCESS
Decoct them or infuse them in boiling water.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken as a drink. Applicable to common cold of wind-heat type.
7)桑菊薄豉飲
Drink of Mulberry Leaf, Chrysanthemum Flower, Pep- permint and Prepared Soybean (Sang Ju Bo Chi Yin)
桑葉、 菊花各9克，薄荷、淡豆豉各6克，蘆根15克(鮮者加倍)。水煎，1 日內分數次飲服;或開水沏，代茶飲。患風熱型感冒者宜服。
INGREDIENTS
mulberry leaf, Folium Mori. 9g
chrysanthemum flower, Flos Chrysanthemi. 9g
peppermint, Herba Menthae. 6g
prepared soybean, Semen Sojae Praeparatum. 6g
reed rhizome, Rhizoma Phragmitis. 15g
(double the amount if fresh)
PROCESS
Decoct them in water for oral administration. Or infuse them for drinking instead of tea.
DIRECTIONS
The decoction is to be taken several times each day. It is applicable to common cold of wind-heat type.
8)薄菊粥
Gruel of Peppermint and Chrysanthemum Flower (Bo Ju Zhou)
薄荷 、菊花各9克，桑葉、淡竹葉各6克。水煎，沸後5分鐘，濾出藥汁，去渣，加入粳米100克煮粥，稍煮即成。每日分2次服食。適用於風熱型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
peppermint, Herba Menthae. 9g
chrysanthemum flower, Flos Chrysanthemi. 9g
mulberry leaf, Folium Mori. 6g
lophatherum, Herba Lophatheri. 6g
polished round-grained rice, Semen Oryzae Sativae. 100g
PROCESS
Decoct the first four ingredients in water and strain the dregs out of the decoction after they have been boiling for five minutes; then put the rice into the decoction to make gruel. In a few minutes the gruel will be done.
DIRECTIONS
To be takenntwice each day.The gruel is applicable to common cold of wind-heat type.
9)薏米扁豆粥
Gruel of Job's Tears Seed and Hyacinth Bean(Yimi Biandou Zhou)
意苡仁、白扁豆各30克， 粳米10克，共煮成粥。每日分2次服食。適用於暑溼型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
job's tears seed, Semen Coicis. 30g
white hyacinth bean, Semen Dolichoris Album. 30g
polished round-grained rice, Semen Oryzae Sativae. 100g
PROCESS
Make gruel with the three ingredients.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken twice a day. Applicable to patients with common cold of summer-heat and dampnes stype.
10）藿香代茶飲
Wrinkled Giant-HyssopDrink (Huoxiang Dai Cha rin)
鮮藿香葉， 鮮荷葉各12克(幹者減半)，白糖適量。水煎(或開水沏)，代茶飲。適用於暑溼型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
fresh leaves of wrinkled giant-hyssop, Folium Pogostemonis seu Agastachis 12g (reduce it to 6g if the dried is used)
firesh lotus leaf, Flium Nelumbinis. 12g. (6g if dried)
white sugar. right amount
PROCESS
Decoct them in water or infuse them in boil- ing water.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken as a drink. It is applicable to those suffering from common cold of summer-heat and dampness type.
11)香薷扁豆茶
Tea of Elscholtzia and Hyacinth Bean (Xiangru BiandouCha)
香薷9克，白扁豆12克(炒黃搗碎)，陳皮3克，荷葉6克,白糖適量。水煎(或開水沏)，代茶飲。適用於暑溼型感冒。
INGREDIENTS
elscholtzia, Herba Elsholtziae. 9g
white hyacinth bean, Semen Dolichoris Album (parched yellow and pounded). 12g
tangerine peel, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae. 3g
lotus leaf, Folium Nelumbinis. 6g
white sugar. right amount
PROCESS
Decoct them in water or infuse them in boiling water.
DIRECTIONS
To be taken as a drink. Applicable to those sufring from common cold of summer-heat and dampness type.
那麼今天關於藥膳的知識就先到這裡了，我們下期再見。
編輯：微中醫-雙語視界